Following the establishment of Taiwan Province in 1887, the original Taiwan Prefecture was renamed as Tainan Prefecture, and Taiwan County was renamed as Anping County. Five major villages: Heshunliao Village of North Taijiang (which included New Heshun, Old Heshun, Waiwun, Jhongjhouliao, Wukuailiao), Anshunliao Village (which included Siaanshun, Dinganshun, Sidingliao, Budaizueiliao, Sinliao, Zongtouliao), Sisinliao Village (which includes Sisinliao, Shihsandian), Haiweiliao Villages (which included Haiwei, Sizihcian), and Matzu Temple Village (which included Matzu Temple, Sihcao, Benyuanliao, Shiherdian) belonged to Waiwuding Li of Anping County. The three major villages on the other side of Luermen River: Gongcinliao Village of North Taijiang (which included Gongwunzih, Cingcaolun, Tuchengzih) belonged to Sigangzih Fort of Chiayi County.
During 1895, Waiwuding Li and Sigangzih Fort of North Taijiang belonged to the jurisdiction of Tainan.
In 1920, administrative districts of Taiwan were reassigned as follows: five prefectures (Taipei, Hsinchu, Taichung, Tainan and Kaohsiung) and two departments (Hualien Harbor and Taitung). The original Heshunliao, Anshunliao, Sisinliao, Haiweiliao and Matzu Temple of Waiwuding Li, and Gongcinliao and Syuejialiao of Sigangzih Fort were consolidated into Anshun Village of Sinfong County; and Tuchengzih of Sigangzih Fort was merged into Cigu Village of Beimen County.
In 1938, Tuchengzih was merged into Anshun Village, forming eight major tribes.
In 1945, Tainan Prefecture was redesignated as Tainan County, and Anshun Village of Singfong County was renamed as Anshun Township of Singfong District.
In 1946, Anshun Township was transferred to the jurisdiction of Tainan City. The name “Annan” is a combination of “an” from Anshun Township and “nan” from Tainan.
On December 25, 2010, former Tainan County merged with Tainan City. The name of this district was not changed.